Comparative assessment of genetic diversity of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes as revealed by RAPD, AFLP and SDS- protein markers

The present work was conducted to evaluate RAPD, AFLP and SDS protein marker systems 
for their ability to detect genetic diversity among ten peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes and 
to compare the efficiency of these marker types in the classification of accessions according to the 
gene pool of peanut genotypes. The polymorphic fragments were obtained on the basis of 10 
differentiating primers using the RAPD method , 2 differentiating primer combinations using the 
AFLP , and SDS protein. The ten RAPD primers produced 38 polymorphic bands, while AFLP 
primer combinations produced 30 polymorphic bands, and SDS protein pattern produced 4 
polymorphic bands. RAPD data analysis showed that the genetic similarity among ten peanut 
accessions ranged from 75.3 to 98.7%, while the AFLPs generated data showed that the highest 
genetic similarity value was 97.8% and the lowest value was 74.7%, and the SDS protein showed 
that the highest genetic similarity value was 100% and the lowest value was 71.4%. The 
dendrogram generated with hierarchical UPGMA (Un-weighted Pair Group Method with 
Arithmetic Averages) cluster analysis of the Jaccard's similarity coefficient matrices revealed two 
major clusters, which were identified.