Stability analysis and molecular evaluation of new garden pea genotypes in Egypt

Thirteen new promising lines in addition to two commercial cultivars of garden pea (Pisum 
sativum L.) were evaluated under six environments in Lower Egypt (two seasons of 2013/2014 and 
2014/2015, in three locations). Data were recorded for plant length, no. of days to flowering, pod 
length, pod weight, no. of seeds/pod, 100-seeds weight, shelling percentage and total green yield. 
The linear response of genotypes to environments was highly significant for all studied traits. The 
mean squares due to Environment + (Genotypes × Environment) was significant for all studied 
traits. The results of stability analysis indicated that the genotypes G1, G5, G6 and G13, most stable 
genotypes, gave the maximum total green yield overall the six studied environments and were 
adapted to environments for total green yield and most studied traits. Also, the genotype G10 can be 
considered promising line as early and short stem length cultivar due to its performance and 
stability for total green yield and most studied traits. The genetic similarity coefficients among 
garden pea genotypes evaluated by SCOT markers varied from 68.4% to 99.6%, indicating high 
level of genetic diversity existing among the pea genotypes which could be valuable for pea 
breeding in the future. The dendrogram generated with hierarchical UPGMA (Un-weighted Pair 
Group Method with Arithmetic Averages) cluster analysis of the Jaccard's similarity coefficient 
matrices revealed two major clusters.