Determination of genetic diversity using SDS-PAGE and RAPD markers and active compound gene in Zygophyllaceae Genotypes

 Biochemical variability was conducted by protein electrophoretic patterns among ten 
genotypes of Zygophyllaceae. RAPD molecular markers were used to estimate the polymorphism 
among these genotypes. SDS-PAGE revealed 36 total bands (67% polymorphism). Five RAPD 
primers revealed 80 bands with the highest polymorphism (95%). Based on similarity matrix of 
overall analysis (SDS-PAGE and RAPD), the dendrogram was constructed and separated the ten 
Zygophyllaceae genotypes into two main clusters. The first included the Zygophyllum   
coccineum   genotypes from two locations, Z. simplex and Nitraria retusa from three locations, 
the second included Fagonia indica from two locations, Peganum harmal and Tribulus terrestris. 
The molecular marker was better than biochemical marker to detect genetic diversity among 
Zygophyllaceae genotypes. Results showed that the length of the TDC (tryptophan 
decarboxylase) gene for alkaloid production at the fragment of 1770 bp. BLAST sequence 
alignment and phylogenetic tree analyses revealed that the TDC fragment is genetically close to 
Rauvolfia verticillata and Catharanthus roseus. This study can be used in the future for 
conservation, breeding and improvement programs