Biochemical analysis of glucose level and superoxide dismutase activity in buffalo follicular fluid and blood Serum

The reducing reproductive efficiency is one of the critical problems of the water buffalo, so 
the recent studies have indicated alterations in the follicular fluid and blood serum composition 
during such condition. The present study, therefore, aims at assaying the changes of follicular fluid 
glucose level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in different size follicles and assaying these 
parameters in follicular fluid and blood serum during different phases of estrous cycle in the 
buffalo. Blood samples and ovaries were collected from 20 cyclic buffaloes of known estrous phase 
(follicular or luteal). Follicular fluid was aspirated from small sized ovarian follicles (2-4 mm) and 
medium sized follicles (5-8 mm).  Glucose level and SOD activity were significantly higher (P < 
0.05) in medium sized follicles (85.89 ± 1.59 mg/dl and 53.66 ± 0.76U/ml, respectively) than in 
small sized follicles (72.09 ± 0.84 mg/dl and 49.30 ± 0.41U/ml, respectively). Moreover, both the 
follicular fluid glucose level and SOD activity were significantly higher (P < 0.05) during the 
follicular phase than the luteal phase either in medium or small follicles. Also, the blood serum 
SOD activity was higher (P < 0.05) during the follicular phase (45.47 ± 0.50 U/ml) than in the 
luteal phase (38.46 ± 0.43 U/ml). In conclusion, Glucose level and SOD activity were significantly 
high in medium follicles follicular fluid and in serum during follicular phase of estrous cycle in 
buffalo.